--- title: "Solutions Architect Roadmap" lang: "en" author: "Mohammad Abu Mattar" canonical: https://mkabumattar.com/post/solutions-architect-roadmap --- [Home](/)›[Roadmaps](/roadmaps)›[All Categories](/roadmaps/categories)›[Cloud](/roadmaps/categories/cloud) Roadmaps [Prev in CloudSite Reliability Engineer Beginner to Expert](/roadmaps/post/site-reliability-engineer-roadmap) # Solutions Architect Beginner to Expert A roadmap for learning Solutions Architecture, from cloud fundamentals to advanced AWS design patterns, security, compliance, and scalable distributed systems. Published: 19 Apr 2026 28 Stages All Levels [Cloud](/roadmaps/categories/cloud)[Architecture](/roadmaps/categories/architecture)[#aws](/roadmaps/tags/aws)[#solutions-architect](/roadmaps/tags/solutions-architect)[#cloud](/roadmaps/tags/cloud)[#infrastructure](/roadmaps/tags/infrastructure)[#security](/roadmaps/tags/security)[#networking](/roadmaps/tags/networking) [Markdown for AI(opens in a new tab)](/post/solutions-architect-roadmap/index.md "Open the plain-Markdown version of this page, for pasting into an AI tool") [Facebook](https://facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fmkabumattar.com%2Froadmaps%2Fpost%2Fsolutions-architect-roadmap "Share on Facebook")[Twitter](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet/?text=Solutions%20Architect%20Beginner%20to%20Expert&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmkabumattar.com%2Froadmaps%2Fpost%2Fsolutions-architect-roadmap "Share on Twitter")[LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmkabumattar.com%2Froadmaps%2Fpost%2Fsolutions-architect-roadmap&title=Solutions%20Architect%20Beginner%20to%20Expert&summary=A%20roadmap%20for%20learning%20Solutions%20Architecture%2C%20from%20cloud%20fundamentals%20to%20advanced%20AWS%20design%20patterns%2C%20security%2C%20compliance%2C%20and%20scalable%20distributed%20systems.&source=https://mkabumattar.com "Share on LinkedIn")[WhatsApp](https://wa.me/?text=Solutions%20Architect%20Beginner%20to%20Expert%20https%3A%2F%2Fmkabumattar.com%2Froadmaps%2Fpost%2Fsolutions-architect-roadmap "Share on WhatsApp")[Telegram](https://t.me/share/url?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmkabumattar.com%2Froadmaps%2Fpost%2Fsolutions-architect-roadmap&text=Solutions%20Architect%20Beginner%20to%20Expert "Share on Telegram")[Reddit](https://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmkabumattar.com%2Froadmaps%2Fpost%2Fsolutions-architect-roadmap&title=Solutions%20Architect%20Beginner%20to%20Expert "Share on Reddit")[Hacker News](http://news.ycombinator.com/submitlink?u=https%3A%2F%2Fmkabumattar.com%2Froadmaps%2Fpost%2Fsolutions-architect-roadmap&t=Solutions%20Architect%20Beginner%20to%20Expert "Share on Hacker News")[Pinterest](https://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmkabumattar.com%2Froadmaps%2Fpost%2Fsolutions-architect-roadmap&media=&description=A%20roadmap%20for%20learning%20Solutions%20Architecture%2C%20from%20cloud%20fundamentals%20to%20advanced%20AWS%20design%20patterns%2C%20security%2C%20compliance%2C%20and%20scalable%20distributed%20systems. "Share on Pinterest")[Email]() Series [Career Roadmaps](/series/career-roadmaps)3/8 [PreviousDevOps Engineer Beginner to Expert](/roadmaps/post/devops-engineer-roadmap)[NextSite Reliability Engineer Beginner to Expert](/roadmaps/post/site-reliability-engineer-roadmap) All posts in this series (8) Roadmaps8 1. [JavaScript Beginner to Expert](/roadmaps/post/javascript-developer-roadmap) 2. [DevOps Engineer Beginner to Expert](/roadmaps/post/devops-engineer-roadmap) 3. [Solutions Architect Beginner to ExpertYou are here](/roadmaps/post/solutions-architect-roadmap) 4. [Site Reliability Engineer Beginner to Expert](/roadmaps/post/site-reliability-engineer-roadmap) 5. [Release Engineer Beginner to Expert](/roadmaps/post/release-engineer-roadmap) 6. [Frontend Developer Beginner to Expert](/roadmaps/post/frontend-developer-roadmap) 7. [Backend Developer Beginner to Expert](/roadmaps/post/backend-developer-roadmap) 8. [Full-Stack Developer Beginner to Expert](/roadmaps/post/full-stack-developer-roadmap) This roadmap guides you from cloud fundamentals through to professional-level AWS solutions architecture. Each stage builds on the last, so get the foundations solid before tackling advanced networking, security, and architectural patterns. Use the AWS Well-Architected Framework as your guide throughout, and pair your learning with hands-on labs and real-world design exercises. ### Solutions Architect Beginner to Expert Contents [Cloud Computing Fundamentals](#stage-1)[AWS Global Infrastructure](#stage-2)[AWS Identity & Access Management (IAM)](#stage-3)[Compute EC2 & Auto Scaling](#stage-4)[Compute Serverless & Containers](#stage-5)[Storage S3 & Object Storage](#stage-6)[Storage Block, File & Hybrid](#stage-7)[Databases Relational](#stage-8)[Databases NoSQL & Caching](#stage-9)[Networking VPC Fundamentals](#stage-10)[Networking Advanced Connectivity](#stage-11)[Load Balancing & Traffic Management](#stage-12)[Content Delivery & Edge](#stage-13)[Architecture Design Principles](#stage-14)[High Availability & Disaster Recovery](#stage-15)[Microservices & Decoupled Architecture](#stage-16)[Serverless Architecture](#stage-17)[Security Data Protection](#stage-18)[Security Threat Detection & Response](#stage-19)[Security Network Protection](#stage-20)[Compliance & Governance](#stage-21)[Observability & Monitoring](#stage-22)[Infrastructure as Code](#stage-23)[Cost Optimisation](#stage-24)[Data & Analytics Architecture](#stage-25)[Migration Strategies](#stage-26)[Well-Architected Reviews & Trade-offs](#stage-27)[AWS Certification Path](#stage-28) LegendRequiredRecommendedOptional 0 / 117 complete [1Cloud Computing Fundamentals](#stage-1)[2AWS Global Infrastructure](#stage-2)[3AWS Identity & Access Management (IAM)](#stage-3)[4Compute EC2 & Auto Scaling](#stage-4)[5Compute Serverless & Containers](#stage-5)[6Storage S3 & Object Storage](#stage-6)[7Storage Block, File & Hybrid](#stage-7)[8Databases Relational](#stage-8)[9Databases NoSQL & Caching](#stage-9)[10Networking VPC Fundamentals](#stage-10)[11Networking Advanced Connectivity](#stage-11)[12Load Balancing & Traffic Management](#stage-12)[13Content Delivery & Edge](#stage-13)[14Architecture Design Principles](#stage-14)[15High Availability & Disaster Recovery](#stage-15)[16Microservices & Decoupled Architecture](#stage-16)[17Serverless Architecture](#stage-17)[18Security Data Protection](#stage-18)[19Security Threat Detection & Response](#stage-19)[20Security Network Protection](#stage-20)[21Compliance & Governance](#stage-21)[22Observability & Monitoring](#stage-22)[23Infrastructure as Code](#stage-23)[24Cost Optimisation](#stage-24)[25Data & Analytics Architecture](#stage-25)[26Migration Strategies](#stage-26)[27Well-Architected Reviews & Trade-offs](#stage-27)[28AWS Certification Path](#stage-28) 01 1 ## Cloud Computing Fundamentals 4 topics·4 required Understand the core concepts and service models that underpin every cloud platform. ### Cloud Service Models Required IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS: what each model provides and who manages what. - [AWS: What is Cloud Computing?](https://aws.amazon.com/what-is-cloud-computing/) ### Cloud Deployment Models Required Public, private, hybrid, and multi-cloud deployment strategies. ### CapEx vs OpEx Required Understand the financial model shift from capital expenditure to operational expenditure. ### Economies of Scale Required How cloud providers pass cost savings to customers through massive infrastructure scale. 02 2 ## AWS Global Infrastructure 4 topics·3 required·1 recommended Understand how AWS distributes its infrastructure globally for performance and resilience. ### Regions & Availability Zones Required How AWS Regions are composed of isolated AZs and why this matters for HA design. - [AWS Global Infrastructure](https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/global-infrastructure/) ### Edge Locations & CloudFront PoPs Required How AWS delivers low-latency content globally via its edge network. ### AWS Local Zones & Wavelength Recommended Extend AWS infrastructure to metro areas and telecom networks for ultra-low latency. ### Choosing a Region Required Criteria for region selection: latency, compliance, service availability, and cost. 03 3 ## AWS Identity & Access Management (IAM) 5 topics·4 required·1 recommended Control who can access what in your AWS environment with fine-grained policies. ### IAM Core Concepts Required Users, groups, roles, and policies, the four building blocks of AWS IAM. - [AWS IAM Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/introduction.html) ### Principle of Least Privilege Required Grant only the permissions that are required, and apply that to every identity. ### IAM Roles & Assume Role Required Cross-account access, EC2 instance profiles, and service-to-service permissions. ### IAM Policies Required Identity-based, resource-based, permission boundaries, SCPs, and session policies. ### AWS Organizations & SCPs Recommended Manage multiple accounts with AWS Organizations and restrict permissions with Service Control Policies. 04 4 ## Compute EC2 & Auto Scaling 5 topics·4 required·1 recommended Provision and automatically scale virtual machines on AWS. ### EC2 Instance Types & Families Required General purpose, compute-optimised, memory-optimised, storage-optimised, and accelerated computing. - [EC2 Instance Types](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/) ### AMIs & Launch Templates Required Create golden images with AMIs and standardise instance config with Launch Templates. ### Auto Scaling Groups Required Dynamic and predictive scaling policies, cooldown periods, and lifecycle hooks. ### EC2 Pricing Models Required On-Demand, Reserved Instances, Savings Plans, Spot, and Dedicated Hosts. ### Placement Groups Recommended Cluster, spread, and partition placement strategies for performance and fault tolerance. 05 5 ## Compute Serverless & Containers 4 topics·3 required·1 recommended Run workloads without managing servers using Lambda, ECS, and EKS. ### AWS Lambda Required Function lifecycle, triggers, concurrency, layers, and cold start optimisation. - [AWS Lambda Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/welcome.html) ### Amazon ECS Required Task definitions, services, Fargate vs EC2 launch types, and cluster management. ### Amazon EKS Recommended Managed Kubernetes on AWS, with node groups, Fargate profiles, and add-ons. ### AWS Fargate Required Serverless container execution, with no cluster infrastructure to manage. 06 6 ## Storage S3 & Object Storage 5 topics·4 required·1 recommended Design durable, scalable object storage solutions with Amazon S3. ### S3 Core Concepts Required Buckets, objects, keys, versioning, and the S3 consistency model. - [Amazon S3 Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/s3/index.html) ### S3 Storage Classes Required Standard, Intelligent-Tiering, Standard-IA, Glacier, and Glacier Deep Archive. ### S3 Lifecycle Policies Required Automatically transition objects between storage classes or expire them. ### S3 Security Required Bucket policies, ACLs, Block Public Access, pre-signed URLs, and SSE options. ### S3 Replication Recommended Cross-Region Replication (CRR) and Same-Region Replication (SRR) for DR and compliance. 07 7 ## Storage Block, File & Hybrid 4 topics·2 required·2 recommended Choose the right storage type for databases, shared file systems, and on-premises integration. ### Amazon EBS Required Volume types (gp3, io2, st1, sc1), snapshots, encryption, and multi-attach. - [Amazon EBS Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ebs/latest/userguide/what-is-ebs.html) ### Amazon EFS Required Fully managed NFS file system, with performance modes, throughput modes, and access points. ### AWS Storage Gateway Recommended Bridge on-premises environments to cloud storage with File, Volume, and Tape Gateway. ### AWS Snow Family Recommended Snowcone, Snowball Edge, and Snowmobile for offline data transfer at petabyte scale. 08 8 ## Databases Relational 4 topics·2 required·2 recommended Design managed relational database solutions on AWS for transactional workloads. ### Amazon RDS Required Supported engines, Multi-AZ deployments, read replicas, and automated backups. - [Amazon RDS Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/rds/index.html) ### Amazon Aurora Required Aurora architecture, Aurora Serverless v2, global databases, and cluster endpoints. ### RDS Proxy Recommended Manage database connection pooling for Lambda and highly concurrent applications. ### Database Migration Service (DMS) Recommended Migrate databases to AWS with minimal downtime using DMS and SCT. 09 9 ## Databases NoSQL & Caching 4 topics·2 required·2 recommended Use purpose-built non-relational databases and in-memory caches for modern workloads. ### Amazon DynamoDB Required Partition keys, sort keys, GSIs, LSIs, DynamoDB Streams, and capacity modes. - [Amazon DynamoDB Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb/index.html) ### DynamoDB Design Patterns Recommended Single-table design, access pattern modelling, and avoiding hot partitions. ### Amazon ElastiCache Required Redis vs Memcached, caching strategies (lazy loading, write-through), and cluster modes. ### Amazon OpenSearch Service Recommended Full-text search, log analytics, and OpenSearch Serverless for unpredictable workloads. 10 10 ## Networking VPC Fundamentals 5 topics·5 required Design isolated, secure network environments in the cloud using Amazon VPC. ### VPC Core Components Required Subnets (public/private), route tables, internet gateways, and the default VPC. - [Amazon VPC Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/userguide/what-is-amazon-vpc.html) ### NAT Gateways & Instances Required Enable outbound internet access for private subnets without exposing them inbound. ### Security Groups & NACLs Required Stateful security groups vs stateless Network ACLs, for layered network defence. ### VPC Flow Logs Required Capture and analyse IP traffic for security auditing and troubleshooting. ### CIDR Planning Required Design non-overlapping IP address ranges for future VPC peering and Transit Gateway. 11 11 ## Networking Advanced Connectivity 5 topics·4 required·1 recommended Connect VPCs, on-premises environments, and third-party networks securely. ### VPC Peering Required Direct routing between VPCs, its limitations, transitive routing, and use cases. - [VPC Peering Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/peering/what-is-vpc-peering.html) ### AWS Transit Gateway Required Hub-and-spoke network topology for connecting many VPCs and on-premises networks. ### AWS Direct Connect Required Dedicated private connectivity from on-premises to AWS, with use cases and resilience options. ### AWS Site-to-Site VPN Required IPSec VPN tunnels over the internet as a cost-effective hybrid connectivity option. ### AWS PrivateLink Recommended Expose services privately across VPCs and accounts without traversing the internet. 12 12 ## Load Balancing & Traffic Management 4 topics·3 required·1 recommended Distribute traffic across compute resources for availability, performance, and resilience. ### Application Load Balancer (ALB) Required Layer 7 routing, host/path-based rules, weighted target groups, and WAF integration. - [ALB Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/elasticloadbalancing/latest/application/introduction.html) ### Network Load Balancer (NLB) Required Layer 4 ultra-low latency load balancing, static IPs, and TLS termination. ### Gateway Load Balancer (GWLB) Recommended Deploy, scale, and manage third-party virtual network appliances. ### Amazon Route 53 Required DNS routing policies: simple, weighted, latency, failover, geolocation, and multivalue. 13 13 ## Content Delivery & Edge 3 topics·1 required·2 recommended Deliver content globally with low latency using AWS edge services. ### Amazon CloudFront Required Distributions, origins, cache behaviours, TTL, signed URLs, and OAC. - [Amazon CloudFront Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cloudfront/latest/developerguide/Introduction.html) ### CloudFront Functions & Lambda@Edge Recommended Run lightweight logic at edge locations for request/response manipulation. ### AWS Global Accelerator Recommended Improve global application availability and performance using the AWS backbone network. 14 14 ## Architecture Design Principles 4 topics·4 required Apply foundational principles to design systems that are reliable, efficient, and maintainable. ### AWS Well-Architected Framework Required The six pillars: Operational Excellence, Security, Reliability, Performance, Cost, and Sustainability. - [AWS Well-Architected Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/wellarchitected/latest/framework/welcome.html) ### Design for Failure Required Assume components will fail. Build redundancy, retries, and fallback paths into every design. ### Loose Coupling Required Reduce dependencies between components to allow independent scaling and failure isolation. ### Design for Scale Required Horizontal vs vertical scaling, stateless design, and avoiding single points of failure. 15 15 ## High Availability & Disaster Recovery 4 topics·4 required Architect systems that remain operational through failures and recover rapidly from disasters. ### RTO & RPO Required Define Recovery Time Objective and Recovery Point Objective to guide DR architecture. - [AWS Disaster Recovery](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/whitepapers/latest/disaster-recovery-workloads-on-aws/introduction.html) ### DR Strategies Required Backup & Restore, Pilot Light, Warm Standby, and Multi-Site Active-Active patterns. ### Multi-AZ vs Multi-Region Required When to use AZ redundancy vs full region failover, and the cost vs resilience trade-offs. ### AWS Backup Required Centralise and automate backups across EC2, RDS, DynamoDB, EFS, and more. 16 16 ## Microservices & Decoupled Architecture 4 topics·4 required Design systems composed of small, independently deployable services connected asynchronously. ### Microservices Principles Required Single responsibility, independent deployability, bounded contexts, and API contracts. - [AWS Microservices](https://aws.amazon.com/microservices/) ### Amazon SQS Required Standard vs FIFO queues, visibility timeout, DLQs, and long polling for async decoupling. ### Amazon SNS Required Pub/sub messaging, fan-out patterns, and SNS filtering for event-driven architectures. ### Amazon EventBridge Required Serverless event bus rules, event patterns, pipes, and cross-account event routing. 17 17 ## Serverless Architecture 4 topics·2 required·2 recommended Build and operate applications without provisioning or managing servers. ### Serverless Design Patterns Required Event-driven, fan-out, saga, and async request-response patterns with Lambda. - [Serverless Land](https://serverlessland.com/patterns) ### Amazon API Gateway Required REST, HTTP, and WebSocket APIs, plus throttling, caching, auth, and usage plans. ### AWS Step Functions Recommended Orchestrate multi-step workflows with Standard and Express state machines. ### AWS SAM & Serverless Framework Recommended Infrastructure as code for serverless applications with local testing support. 18 18 ## Security Data Protection 5 topics·5 required Protect data at rest and in transit using AWS encryption and key management services. ### AWS KMS Required Customer-managed keys, key policies, grants, and envelope encryption. - [AWS KMS Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/kms/latest/developerguide/overview.html) ### Encryption at Rest Required Enable server-side encryption for S3, EBS, RDS, DynamoDB, and EFS with KMS. ### Encryption in Transit Required Enforce TLS for all service endpoints, use ACM for certificate management. ### AWS Secrets Manager Required Store, rotate, and retrieve database credentials and API keys without hardcoding. ### AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) Required Provision and manage TLS/SSL certificates for CloudFront, ALB, and API Gateway. 19 19 ## Security Threat Detection & Response 4 topics·1 required·3 recommended Detect threats, analyse findings, and automate responses across your AWS environment. ### Amazon GuardDuty Required Threat detection using ML. It identifies compromised instances, credential abuse, and more. - [Amazon GuardDuty Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/guardduty/latest/ug/what-is-guardduty.html) ### AWS Security Hub Recommended Aggregate and prioritise security findings from GuardDuty, Inspector, Macie, and partners. ### Amazon Macie Recommended Discover and protect sensitive data in S3 using ML-driven classification. ### AWS Inspector Recommended Automated vulnerability assessments for EC2, Lambda, and container images. 20 20 ## Security Network Protection 4 topics·2 required·2 recommended Protect your network perimeter and application layer from malicious traffic. ### AWS WAF Required Web ACLs, managed rule groups, rate limiting, and bot control for HTTP workloads. - [AWS WAF Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/waf/latest/developerguide/what-is-aws-waf.html) ### AWS Shield Required Shield Standard (free DDoS protection) vs Shield Advanced for layer 3/4/7 attacks. ### AWS Network Firewall Recommended Stateful, managed network firewall for VPC-level traffic inspection and filtering. ### AWS Firewall Manager Recommended Centrally manage WAF, Shield Advanced, and Network Firewall rules across accounts. 21 21 ## Compliance & Governance 4 topics·2 required·2 recommended Enforce standards, audit configurations, and meet regulatory compliance requirements on AWS. ### AWS Config Required Track resource configuration changes, evaluate rules, and trigger auto-remediation. - [AWS Config Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/config/latest/developerguide/WhatIsConfig.html) ### AWS CloudTrail Required Audit API calls across your account: who did what, when, and from where. ### AWS Audit Manager Recommended Continuously collect evidence for PCI DSS, HIPAA, SOC 2, and custom frameworks. ### AWS Control Tower Recommended Set up and govern a secure, multi-account AWS environment using landing zones. 22 22 ## Observability & Monitoring 4 topics·2 required·1 recommended·1 optional Gain full visibility into the health and performance of your AWS workloads. ### Amazon CloudWatch Required Metrics, alarms, dashboards, Logs Insights, and Contributor Insights. - [Amazon CloudWatch Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cloudwatch/index.html) ### CloudWatch Logs & Log Groups Required Centralise logs from EC2, Lambda, ECS, and VPC Flow Logs with structured querying. ### AWS X-Ray Recommended Distributed tracing for Lambda, API Gateway, and ECS, with service maps to visualise calls. ### Amazon Managed Grafana & Prometheus Optional Fully managed observability stack for Kubernetes and container workloads. 23 23 ## Infrastructure as Code 4 topics·2 required·2 recommended Define and provision AWS infrastructure in a declarative, repeatable, version-controlled way. ### AWS CloudFormation Required Stacks, templates (YAML/JSON), change sets, nested stacks, and drift detection. - [AWS CloudFormation Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cloudformation/index.html) ### AWS CDK Recommended Define infrastructure using TypeScript, Python, or Java with the AWS CDK. - [AWS CDK Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cdk/v2/guide/home.html) ### Terraform on AWS Recommended Manage AWS resources with the HashiCorp Terraform AWS provider and remote state in S3. ### IaC Best Practices Required Modularisation, stack separation by lifecycle, tagging strategies, and drift prevention. 24 24 ## Cost Optimisation 5 topics·4 required·1 recommended Architect solutions that deliver business value at the lowest sustainable cost. ### AWS Pricing Model Required The pricing fundamentals: pay-as-you-go, pay less with more, and pay less as AWS grows. - [AWS Pricing](https://aws.amazon.com/pricing/) ### AWS Cost Explorer & Budgets Required Analyse spending trends, forecast costs, and set budget alerts per service or tag. ### Savings Plans & Reserved Instances Required Commit to usage for 1 or 3 years to save up to 72% vs On-Demand pricing. ### AWS Trusted Advisor Recommended Automated recommendations for cost, performance, security, and fault tolerance. ### Right-Sizing & Spot Instances Required Match instance types to actual workload needs and use Spot for fault-tolerant jobs. 25 25 ## Data & Analytics Architecture 4 topics·3 recommended·1 optional Design scalable data pipelines, data lakes, and analytics platforms on AWS. ### Amazon Redshift Recommended Columnar data warehousing, Redshift Spectrum for S3 queries, and RA3 nodes. - [Amazon Redshift Docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift/latest/mgmt/welcome.html) ### AWS Glue Recommended Serverless ETL, the Glue Data Catalog, crawlers, and Glue Studio. ### Amazon Kinesis Recommended Real-time data streaming with Kinesis Data Streams, Firehose, and Data Analytics. ### AWS Lake Formation Optional Build, secure, and manage data lakes on S3 with centralised access control. 26 26 ## Migration Strategies 4 topics·2 required·2 recommended Plan and execute the migration of existing workloads to AWS with proven strategies. ### The 7 Rs of Migration Required Retire, Retain, Rehost, Relocate, Repurchase, Replatform, and Refactor strategies. - [AWS Migration Strategies](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/enterprise-strategy/6-strategies-for-migrating-applications-to-the-cloud/) ### AWS Migration Hub Recommended Track migrations from on-premises to AWS across multiple tools in a single console. ### AWS Application Migration Service Recommended Lift-and-shift server migrations with minimal downtime using continuous replication. ### Migration Readiness Assessment Required Evaluate people, process, and technology readiness before beginning large migrations. 27 27 ## Well-Architected Reviews & Trade-offs 4 topics·2 required·2 recommended Conduct architecture reviews, articulate trade-offs, and continuously improve designs. ### AWS Well-Architected Tool Required Run workload reviews against the Well-Architected Framework and track improvements. - [AWS Well-Architected Tool](https://aws.amazon.com/well-architected-tool/) ### Architecture Trade-off Analysis Required Consistency vs availability (CAP theorem), cost vs reliability, and latency vs throughput. ### Architecture Decision Records (ADRs) Recommended Document architecture decisions, context, and consequences for future reference. ### AWS Solutions Library Recommended Reference architectures and vetted solutions from AWS for common use cases. - [AWS Solutions Library](https://aws.amazon.com/solutions/) 28 28 ## AWS Certification Path 3 topics·1 required·1 recommended·1 optional Validate your knowledge and skills with official AWS certifications. ### AWS Solutions Architect Associate (SAA-C03) Required The core certification for architects, covering resilient, high-performing, and cost-optimised solutions. - [SAA-C03 Exam Guide](https://aws.amazon.com/certification/certified-solutions-architect-associate/) ### AWS Solutions Architect Professional (SAP-C02) Recommended Advanced multi-account, hybrid, and complex architecture design for experienced practitioners. - [SAP-C02 Exam Guide](https://aws.amazon.com/certification/certified-solutions-architect-professional/) ### AWS Specialty Certifications Optional Advanced Networking, Security, Database, Data Analytics, and Machine Learning specialties. ### Reset Progress? 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